Started following some tutorial on att85 usi. Downloaded example code from make avr book.
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Dan
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Project-specific Details ##########
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########## Check these every time you start a new project ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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MCU = atmega168p
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F_CPU = 8000000UL
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BAUD = 9600UL
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## Also try BAUD = 19200 or 38400 if you're feeling lucky.
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## A directory for common include files and the simple USART library.
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## If you move either the current folder or the Library folder, you'll
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## need to change this path to match.
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LIBDIR = ../../AVR-Programming-Library
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Programmer Defaults ##########
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########## Set up once, then forget about it ##########
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########## (Can override. See bottom of file.) ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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PROGRAMMER_TYPE = usbtiny
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# extra arguments to avrdude: baud rate, chip type, -F flag, etc.
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PROGRAMMER_ARGS =
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Program Locations ##########
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########## Won't need to change if they're in your PATH ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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CC = avr-gcc
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OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
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OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
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AVRSIZE = avr-size
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AVRDUDE = avrdude
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Makefile Magic! ##########
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########## Summary: ##########
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########## We want a .hex file ##########
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########## Compile source files into .elf ##########
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########## Convert .elf file into .hex ##########
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########## You shouldn't need to edit below. ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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## The name of your project (without the .c)
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# TARGET = blinkLED
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## Or name it automatically after the enclosing directory
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TARGET = $(lastword $(subst /, ,$(CURDIR)))
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# Object files: will find all .c/.h files in current directory
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# and in LIBDIR. If you have any other (sub-)directories with code,
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# you can add them in to SOURCES below in the wildcard statement.
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SOURCES=$(wildcard *.c $(LIBDIR)/*.c)
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OBJECTS=$(SOURCES:.c=.o)
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HEADERS=$(SOURCES:.c=.h)
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## Compilation options, type man avr-gcc if you're curious.
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CPPFLAGS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU) -DBAUD=$(BAUD) -I. -I$(LIBDIR)
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CFLAGS = -Os -g -std=gnu99 -Wall
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## Use short (8-bit) data types
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CFLAGS += -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fpack-struct -fshort-enums
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## Splits up object files per function
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CFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
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LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map,$(TARGET).map
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## Optional, but often ends up with smaller code
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LDFLAGS += -Wl,--gc-sections
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## Relax shrinks code even more, but makes disassembly messy
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## LDFLAGS += -Wl,--relax
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## LDFLAGS += -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt -lm ## for floating-point printf
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## LDFLAGS += -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_min ## for smaller printf
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TARGET_ARCH = -mmcu=$(MCU)
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## Explicit pattern rules:
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## To make .o files from .c files
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%.o: %.c $(HEADERS) Makefile
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) -c -o $@ $<;
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$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS)
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$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) $^ $(LDLIBS) -o $@
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%.hex: %.elf
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$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
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%.eeprom: %.elf
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$(OBJCOPY) -j .eeprom --change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O ihex $< $@
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%.lst: %.elf
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$(OBJDUMP) -S $< > $@
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## These targets don't have files named after them
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.PHONY: all disassemble disasm eeprom size clean squeaky_clean flash fuses
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all: $(TARGET).hex
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debug:
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@echo
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@echo "Source files:" $(SOURCES)
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@echo "MCU, F_CPU, BAUD:" $(MCU), $(F_CPU), $(BAUD)
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@echo
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# Optionally create listing file from .elf
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# This creates approximate assembly-language equivalent of your code.
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# Useful for debugging time-sensitive bits,
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# or making sure the compiler does what you want.
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disassemble: $(TARGET).lst
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disasm: disassemble
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# Optionally show how big the resulting program is
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size: $(TARGET).elf
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$(AVRSIZE) -C --mcu=$(MCU) $(TARGET).elf
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clean:
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rm -f $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).hex $(TARGET).obj \
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$(TARGET).o $(TARGET).d $(TARGET).eep $(TARGET).lst \
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$(TARGET).lss $(TARGET).sym $(TARGET).map $(TARGET)~ \
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$(TARGET).eeprom
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squeaky_clean:
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rm -f *.elf *.hex *.obj *.o *.d *.eep *.lst *.lss *.sym *.map *~ *.eeprom
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Programmer-specific details ##########
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########## Flashing code to AVR using avrdude ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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flash: $(TARGET).hex
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -U flash:w:$<
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## An alias
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program: flash
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flash_eeprom: $(TARGET).eeprom
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -U eeprom:w:$<
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avrdude_terminal:
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -nt
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## If you've got multiple programmers that you use,
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## you can define them here so that it's easy to switch.
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## To invoke, use something like `make flash_arduinoISP`
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flash_usbtiny: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = usbtiny
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flash_usbtiny: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = # USBTiny works with no further arguments
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flash_usbtiny: flash
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flash_usbasp: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = usbasp
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flash_usbasp: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = # USBasp works with no further arguments
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flash_usbasp: flash
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flash_arduinoISP: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = avrisp
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flash_arduinoISP: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 19200 -P /dev/ttyACM0
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## (for windows) flash_arduinoISP: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 19200 -P com5
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flash_arduinoISP: flash
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flash_109: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = avr109
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flash_109: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 9600 -P /dev/ttyUSB0
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flash_109: flash
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Fuse settings and suitable defaults ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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## Mega 48, 88, 168, 328 default values
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LFUSE = 0x62
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HFUSE = 0xdf
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EFUSE = 0x00
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## Generic
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FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m -U efuse:w:$(EFUSE):m
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fuses:
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) \
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$(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) $(FUSE_STRING)
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show_fuses:
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -nv
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## Called with no extra definitions, sets to defaults
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set_default_fuses: FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m -U efuse:w:$(EFUSE):m
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set_default_fuses: fuses
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## Set the fuse byte for full-speed mode
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## Note: can also be set in firmware for modern chips
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set_fast_fuse: LFUSE = 0xE2
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set_fast_fuse: FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m
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set_fast_fuse: fuses
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## Set the EESAVE fuse byte to preserve EEPROM across flashes
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set_eeprom_save_fuse: HFUSE = 0xD7
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set_eeprom_save_fuse: FUSE_STRING = -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m
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set_eeprom_save_fuse: fuses
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## Clear the EESAVE fuse byte
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clear_eeprom_save_fuse: FUSE_STRING = -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m
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clear_eeprom_save_fuse: fuses
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@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
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/*
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Plays a simple tune, broadcasts it in the AM radio band.
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*/
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// ------- Preamble -------- //
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#include <avr/io.h> /* Defines pins, ports, etc */
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#include <util/delay.h> /* Functions to waste time */
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#include <avr/power.h>
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#include <avr/interrupt.h>
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#include "pinDefines.h"
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#include "scale16.h"
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#define COUNTER_VALUE 3 /* determines carrier frequency */
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// From f = f_cpu / ( 2* N* (1 + OCRnx) )
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// Good values for the AM band from 2 to 6: pick one that's clear
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// Divide by two b/c we're toggling on or off each loop;
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// a full cycle of the carrier takes two loops.
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// 8Mhz / (2 * 1 * (1+2)) = 1333 kHz
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// 8Mhz / (2 * 1 * (1+3)) = 1000 kHz
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// 8Mhz / (2 * 1 * (1+4)) = 800 kHz
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// 8Mhz / (2 * 1 * (1+5)) = 670 kHz
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// 8Mhz / (2 * 1 * (1+6)) = 570 kHz
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// 8Mhz / (2 * 1 * (1+7)) = 500 kHz
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static inline void initTimer0(void) {
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TCCR0A |= (1 << WGM01); /* CTC mode */
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TCCR0A |= (1 << COM0B0); /* Toggles pin each time through */
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TCCR0B |= (1 << CS00); /* Clock at CPU frequency, ~8MHz */
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OCR0A = COUNTER_VALUE; /* carrier frequency */
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}
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static inline void initTimer1(void) {
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TCCR1B |= (1 << WGM12); /* CTC mode */
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TCCR1B |= (1 << CS11); /* Clock at CPU/8 frequency, ~1MHz */
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TIMSK1 |= (1 << OCIE1A); /* enable output compare interrupt */
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}
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ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) { /* ISR for audio-rate Timer 1 */
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ANTENNA_DDR ^= (1 << ANTENNA); /* toggle carrier on and off */
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}
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static inline void transmitBeep(uint16_t pitch, uint16_t duration) {
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OCR1A = pitch; /* set pitch for timer1 */
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sei(); /* turn on interrupts */
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do {
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_delay_ms(1); /* delay for pitch cycles */
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duration--;
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} while (duration > 0);
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cli(); /* and disable ISR so that it stops toggling */
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ANTENNA_DDR |= (1 << ANTENNA); /* back on full carrier */
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}
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int main(void) {
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// -------- Inits --------- //
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clock_prescale_set(clock_div_1); /* CPU clock 8 MHz */
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initTimer0();
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initTimer1();
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// ------ Event loop ------ //
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while (1) {
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transmitBeep(E3, 200);
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_delay_ms(100);
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transmitBeep(E3, 200);
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_delay_ms(200);
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transmitBeep(E3, 200);
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_delay_ms(200);
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transmitBeep(C3, 200);
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transmitBeep(E3, 200);
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_delay_ms(200);
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transmitBeep(G3, 400);
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_delay_ms(500);
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transmitBeep(G2, 400);
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_delay_ms(2500);
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} /* End event loop */
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return 0; /* This line is never reached */
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
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/* Scale in the key of 1/10000 */
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/*
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These are periods -- if you delay this long,
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then toggle the speaker pin, you'll get approximate
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pitches.
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This is the 16-bit version. The pitches get less accurate
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as they get higher, but not as bad as the 8-bit one.
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"x" denotes sharp.
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Can be generated by Python:
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import math
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scale = ['C', 'Cx', 'D', 'Dx', 'E', 'F', 'Fx', 'G', 'Gx', 'A', 'Ax', 'B']
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def octave(baseLength):
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periods = [baseLength / math.exp(x*math.log(2)/12) for x in range(0, 12)]
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periods = [int(round(x)) for x in periods]
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return( zip(scale, periods) )
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for i in range(0,4):
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for note, period in octave(10000 / 2**i):
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if period < 65500:
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noteString = note + str(i)
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print "#define {:<5}{:>6}".format(noteString, period)
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*/
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#define C0 10000
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#define Cx0 9439
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#define D0 8909
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#define Dx0 8409
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#define E0 7937
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#define F0 7492
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#define Fx0 7071
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#define G0 6674
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#define Gx0 6300
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#define A0 5946
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#define Ax0 5612
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#define B0 5297
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#define C1 5000
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#define Cx1 4719
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#define D1 4454
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#define Dx1 4204
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#define E1 3969
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#define F1 3746
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#define Fx1 3536
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#define G1 3337
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#define Gx1 3150
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#define A1 2973
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#define Ax1 2806
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#define B1 2649
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#define C2 2500
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#define Cx2 2360
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#define D2 2227
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#define Dx2 2102
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#define E2 1984
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#define F2 1873
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#define Fx2 1768
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#define G2 1669
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#define Gx2 1575
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#define A2 1487
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#define Ax2 1403
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#define B2 1324
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#define C3 1250
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#define Cx3 1180
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#define D3 1114
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#define Dx3 1051
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#define E3 992
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#define F3 936
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#define Fx3 884
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#define G3 834
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#define Gx3 787
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#define A3 743
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#define Ax3 702
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#define B3 662
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user